Gambling Disorders
Gambling involves risking money or something of value on an uncertain event, such as a game of chance, a race or a lottery. Whether it’s buying a weekly lottery ticket or selecting the best players for your fantasy sports team, most people spend more than they win. It may be fun and exciting, but it’s also important to know the risks and understand how gambling can quickly spiral out of control.
People with gambling disorders experience serious problems affecting their daily lives, including relationships, work and financial stability. They often feel compelled to gamble even when the behavior causes harm or leads to negative consequences. The term “disordered gambling” refers to a wide range of behaviors, from those that place individuals at risk for developing more serious problems (subclinical) to those that meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition criteria for pathological gambling (PG).
Some of the symptoms that characterize pathological gambling include: (1) losing more than you can afford to lose; (2) putting aside other important activities to gamble; (3) lying to family members or therapists about how much you’re spending on gambling; (4) escalating the amount of time spent gambling; (5) chasing losses; and (6) using gambling as an escape from distressing feelings (such as depression, anxiety or boredom). Pathological gambling may also cause other health issues like substance misuse and suicidal thoughts.
Many factors contribute to gambling disorders, including an early big win, a false sense of control, impulsivity, boredom susceptibility, poor understanding of random events and the use of gambling as an escape from stress. Genetics and environmental factors also play a role in the development of these conditions.
Despite the dangers of gambling, it is legal in most states and provides substantial revenue to state and local governments. The federal government does not regulate the gambling industry, but it has taken steps to protect children from being exposed to harmful gambling ads on television and radio.
Scientists have found that the human brain doesn’t fully mature until around the age of 25. This makes young adults more likely to engage in reckless behavior, especially when it comes to gambling.
There are no medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat gambling disorder, but several types of psychotherapy are available. These treatments help a person identify and change unhealthy emotions, thoughts and behaviors. They typically take place with a trained and licensed mental health professional, such as a psychologist or clinical social worker. Changing these unhealthy behaviors can help a person overcome their problem gambling. It’s also helpful to address any other mental health conditions that might be contributing to the gambling behavior. For example, treating depression or anxiety can help reduce the urge to gamble. Additionally, learning healthy ways to cope with stress can also be a good way to reduce the risk of engaging in problematic gambling behavior. This can be done by practicing meditation, yoga, tai chi or other relaxation techniques.